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Edited by Christian Lowe | Contact

Biometrics Track Bad Guys

Biometrics-in-Iraq.jpg

Northrop Grumman is developing a “biometric” intelligence system to help U.S. troops keep tabs on suspected terrorists and insurgents. The system, which identifies people by their fingerprints, iris patterns or other biological metrics, is meant to meet a need identified by U.S. forces in Iraq.

On February 5, 2006, soldiers from the Texas-based 4th Infantry Division, deployed to north-central Iraq since the previous fall, sortied from their base to set up checkpoints outside the town of Balad. The town was so bad that the Iraqi army had sent one of its crack Kurdish units, normally based in the peaceful north of the country, into an outpost downtown. But snipers had kept the Kurdish troops from even leaving the base. Balad was desperately in need of some spring cleaning.

But standing at their checkpoint on a road outside Balad, the soldiers realized they lacked the necessary tools. Army intelligence had provided them with a list including names, descriptions and in some cases outdated photos of known bad guys. The soldiers carried fuzzy color copies of the list in their pockets and compared every passerby to the descriptions. But the photos too grainy and the descriptions too vague: pretty much every Iraqi man has a moustache, black hair and brown eyes. As for names? Besides sharing a small number of popular surnames, Iraqis have a habit of tacking their father’s and grandfather’s name onto their own or even going by nicknames that don’t match their photo IDs at all, assuming they even have photo IDs. There was just no way for the American soldiers to reliably know if they had happened to ensnare a bad guy in their net. And on that February afternoon, they returned to base empty-handed and frustrated.

Stinging from failures like those in Balad last year, in January the Army gave Los Angeles-based defense firm Northrop Grumman $20 million to develop a biometric solution. The idea, says Northrop Grumman vice president Larry Schneider, is to “ingest disparate sources of military information worldwide, to establish a central repository that can be queried. So if someone shows up at one place and says his name is one thing, then shows up somewhere else saying his name is another thing, that can be identified and can be passed back to tactical land forces.”

Soldiers might register detainees’ biometrics using a portable scanner. That info, combined with a brief history of the suspect, would be fed into a central database back in the States and analyzed by algorithms endlessly searching for connections between suspects. If, during a future operation, the soldiers happen across any of the same suspects as before, the system would alert them. Over time, the system might accumulate enough data on suspects’ movements to begin drawing conclusions about behavior patterns, allowing intelligence agents to predict suspects’ activities and, if necessary, thwart them.

“People talk about how we’re disadvantaged in asymmetric warfare,” Schneider says, using the military’s favorite term for big industrial armies fighting elusive, low-tech insurgents and terrorists. Biometrics, he adds, “are an example of how our technology advantages us.”

-- David Axe

Comments

Make em' think why they are being detained is because they are infected and need an innoculation shot. Facial recognoition who is threat material, isolate with the above ploy, and use a air gun innoculator to plant a rfid tag in them with the shot with a slow release sedative giving them enough time to link up with their buddies and then it's sleepy time. Let the sos computer do the rest to track where they go on the computers tracking systems. then detain em all at once.

Posted by: Max Anderson at February 24, 2007 01:32 AM


Is it just me, or does it look like the new camo on that soldier is two different colors. The body armor looks darker then the cloths. Did the Army decide to change the tones of there new camo? Anyone know?

Posted by: Mike1 at February 24, 2007 12:28 AM


Iraq!? Hell, we need this at airport security posts in the States. The whole idea of using a no-fly list with NAMES on it for Christs sake to identify potentially dangerous people is ludicrous.

Every face that comes close to security screen should be automatically scanned off a high resolution video camera and biometric points on the face measured and compared to a database.

Such a system should be installed at every sensitive site.

Posted by: Earl at February 24, 2007 12:16 AM


on the downside "bad guys" could profit from this technology too, it would make ethnic cleansing so much easier...

Posted by: maks at February 23, 2007 10:11 PM


Several posters here know not whereof they speak. The big kahuna in the Biometric space is L-1 Identity Solutions (ID) and it is teamed with Northrup with an already existing ruggedized hand held biometric 'machine' that takes fingers, face and iris all in one. Northrup is building the data base part. These already exist in theatre in Afghanistan and Iraq. Looking at 2+ million records at this time. Suggest you go and do some DD before you spout off about how long it will take, etc.

From their recent quarterly---HIIDE is the handheld and Super HIIDE is also nearly ready for deployment.

"The annual revenue growth of 13 percent reflects growth in the U.S. passport business; facial recognition solutions; enrollment services for state, local and federal customers; multi-modal mobile biometric devices (HIIDE); and counter-terrorism services of approximately 25 percent. This growth was partially offset by delays in live scan awards, along with certain software opportunities which were booked in the 2006 fourth quarter, but will not be reflected in revenue until 2007."

Best,

Paul

Posted by: Paul at February 23, 2007 05:23 PM


Unless their initial enrollment data is acquired in a controlled environment, the efficacy of this project is definitely questionable. Compare how soldiers are acquiring this data versus, say, the DMV; the latter will ensure that the subject leaves high quality fingerprints, iris, etc. I doubt the soldiers in the field have that luxury. The result? Your devices will be comparing crap fingerprint to crap fingerprint. Not really helpful.

Posted by: Andy at February 23, 2007 01:30 PM


There are several ways to trap terrorists from leaving and entering checkpoints, blocking them from slipping through.

1) Biometrics (as mentioned here): Other than fingerprints and iris as source, voice can also be one of the source to search for terrorists, and those who have been questioned before for suspicious activity. It depends on time and tools it will take, but DNA test kits will also be great tools, but only if convinient enough.

2) License plate image recognition and database system: A camera that may recognize license plate of vehicles from distance approaching checkpoints may alert the security staff in advance for possibilities of dangers and likely suspects. An online database will be useful to check for vehicles that have been stolen, or lisence plates that do not match the type of vehicle which alert possibilties of fake lisence plate or a stolen lisence plate mounted on another.

3) Lie detectors: Simple questions may be given to people who approach the checkpoint. i.e. A question may be given to a suspect who approaches the checkpoint rather the person is part of the terrorist group. If the person lies and says no, the lie detector will provide an output claiming possibilities that the provided answer is false.
However, there were debates rather such lie detectors are reliable and rather or not it could be fooled. A combination of optical sensor (face pattern and body signuature recognition), voice, and other sensors, accuracy may improve, but it depends on how accurate the systems are required to be good enough for such use. A software that will translate English to local language will be used in combination so that one to be questioned will understand the question in their own language.

4) Explosive test kits: These explosive test kits have been used in Iraq for months to test exposures to explosives of an individual. One terrorist group was likely aware of this, and attempted to wash away remaining of explosive substance by taking a shower and trashing the clothing after engaging in ambush, but was unable to fool the kit, if my memory is correct. The test kit seems to be a deposable kit, rather than electronic. In the future, use of sensors such as spectrometers, mid range infrared, terahertz sensors may be used to scan suspects for exposures of explosives. This does not guarantee that the suspect is part of the terrorist group, but an indication that the suspect may have engaged in terrorist activity.

5) Surface penetrating sensors: Terrorists that are not within the database could not be detained by use of only biometrics. However, if suspects are carrying explosives and weapons wisely hidden good enough, it will be difficult to detect those at checkpoints. Surface penetrating senosrs such as X-rays is one of the option to scan through objects for possibilities of weapons, explosives, and maybe deadly chemicals. This will decrease time for searching such suspicious items. However, sensors such as X-ray is likely large which is not moblie and handy. Surface penetrating sensors may also search for suspects hiding in portions of vehicles, and to search for underground tunnels that may bypass checkpoints.

These tools are not limited of use to checkpoints, and could be used for city wide cordon and search operations to clean the city from terrorists and weapons, such as for Baghdad. These new apporaches of technology to assymetric warfare will make it more difficult for suspects to blend and hide within the community, which has been the advantage of guerilla tactics, and will provide the military more advantages to hunt down terrorist elements. There are more techniques in mind which I will not discuss, but I believe the use of the tools will have a great impact on the assymetric warfare. However, quantity will also be one of the needs to surround the environment (are where terrorist activity is high)and take effect.

Posted by: pedestrian at February 23, 2007 11:21 AM


You have to love DoD military acquisition programs. How long is it going to take NG "develop" this new system. Years probably since it will have to go through official acq hell and OT&E before it ever makes it to the field.

Or the soldiers could get one made themselevs for *much* cheaper, and only with 1 month's lead time.... See the link below.

Deploying the Snake Eater
http://billroggio.com/archives/2007/02/deploying_the_the_sn.php

Posted by: Chuck at February 23, 2007 10:54 AM


This typifies why I am a bit concerned about the cancellation of the Land Warrior part of the FCS. Yeah, the technology is currently too heavy but the concept development should continue as RDT&E 04, 05, and 06 elements. We need to keep playing with this concept. WW Iraq has proven that the access of the individual grunt to information is a powerful anti-asymmetric warfare factor. Push to Company, Platoon and then Squad level would be a good stepping path.

As usual, I sense there are a multitude of individual programs, basically disjoint, that are all sort-of working around this connectivity concept. I had the hope the Land Warrior would be an umbrella, but now that's going to be gone. Who's in charge downstream? The Army just recently got their high level comm program mangers in synch. This concept needs to be extended further across developmental areas within the individual Services and, heaven forbid, someday Jointly.

Culturally, the military guru's (both in and out of uniform) have been reluctant to invest in the kit of the infantryman. (See the second item below - small arms) They would rather develop, build and buy big stuff that radiates power and importance. (A real man shows plumage!) Yet, again and again, in the end, it is the 19 year old at the very pointy end of the spear who makes the difference.

The analogy to consider is in the business world - it's embrace of technology such as the Blackberry and multi-functional 3G cell phones is leading to significantly increased productivity. (I know this is debatable - but that's IMO.)

Interestingly, the current info in the bolgosphere seems to indicate that many of the kill shooting engagements these days are with the larger (than 5.65mm) caliber weapons. The historic rational for the progression of M-1, M-14, M-16, M-4 provides a good perspective of the cultural issue.

In addition to accuracy (i.e., aim, ballistics) and effects, a lot of this settles down to logistics. Bullets are heavy and one needs a lot. This is a long term issue (Objective solution in 2030?) and a DARPA Hard area for one to kick off exploration.

Oh yeah....they will hate whatever they are given...but that's a cultural value probably worth keeping.

Posted by: Rip at February 23, 2007 10:31 AM


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